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Acute Rhinosinusitis
Rhinosinusitis: inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses; replaced "sinusitis" because the nose is almost always involved simultaneously.
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Rhinology / Sinus / Anterior Skull Base
Board-review topics in Rhinology / Sinus / Anterior Skull Base.
19 topics
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Benign Tumors of the Sinonasal Tract
Benign tumors of the sinonasal tract encompass a diverse group of neoplasms arising from epithelial, mesenchymal, osseous, vascular, and fibrous tissues of the nasal cavity and …
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Caldwell-Luc Procedure
The Caldwell-Luc procedure (CLP) is a transantral surgical approach to the maxillary sinus via the anterior wall through a sublabial (gingivobuccal) incision First described ind…
Chronic Rhinosinusitis
CRS is a clinical syndrome characterized by symptomatic inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinus mucosa present for ≥12 weeks, confirmed by objective means (nasal endoscopy …
CSF Rhinorrhea
CSF rhinorrhea: Direct communication between the CSF-containing subarachnoid space and the mucosalized paranasal sinus cavities, resulting in drainage of CSF through the nose.
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Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR)
Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a surgical procedure that creates a new drainage pathway from the lacrimal sac directly into the nasal cavity, bypassing the obstructed nasolacrim…
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Epistaxis
Epistaxis (nosebleed) is the most common otorhinolaryngologic emergency.
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Facial Pain
Facial pain in otolaryngology encompasses pain in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve (V₁, V₂, V₃) and surrounding structures, often attributed to sinonasal disease Frequen…
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Frontal Sinus Management
Frontal sinus management encompasses the spectrum of endoscopic and external surgical approaches to the frontal sinus for inflammatory, neoplastic, traumatic, and congenital dis…
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Imaging of the Nose and Sinuses
Sinonasal imaging is essential for diagnosis, staging, surgical planning, and intraoperative navigation in rhinologic disease CT is the primary imaging modality for sinonasal di…
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Nonallergic Rhinitis
Nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) encompasses rhinitis syndromes NOT mediated by IgE-dependent mechanisms Prevalence: affects 19-25 million Americans; represents approximately 25-50% o…
Objective Assessment of Nasal Function
Objective nasal function assessment encompasses standardized measurement of nasal airflow, resistance, geometry, mucociliary function, and olfaction These tests provide quantifi…
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Olfactory Function and Dysfunction
Olfactory dysfunction encompasses quantitative disorders (anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia) and qualitative disorders (parosmia, phantosmia, cacosmia) Prevalence: 19% of the genera…
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Primary Sinus Surgery (FESS)
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is the endoscopic approach to the paranasal sinuses designed to restore mucociliary function by reestablishing physiologic sinus venti…
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Revision Sinus Surgery and Complications
Revision endoscopic sinus surgery is performed when primary FESS fails to achieve adequate symptom control despite appropriate medical management Revision rate for primary FESS:…
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Septoplasty
Septoplasty is the surgical correction of structural deformities of the nasal septum to relieve nasal airway obstruction Distinguished from submucous resection (SMR, older techn…
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Sino-Orbital Interface
The sino-orbital interface describes the anatomic and surgical relationship between the paranasal sinuses and the orbit, enabling endoscopic transnasal approaches to orbital pat…
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Systemic Disease of the Nose and Sinuses
Numerous systemic diseases manifest in the nose and paranasal sinuses due to the rich vascular supply, exposed mucosal surfaces, and cartilaginous framework Granulomatosis with …
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Transnasal Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery
Transnasal endoscopic skull base surgery (TESBS) refers to minimally invasive approaches through the nose and paranasal sinuses to access and resect lesions of the ventral skull…